.... to save memory during processing. The Year 2000 computer problem can also affect embedded microcontrollers in non-computer equipment such as elevators, security systems, and air conditioning systems. As an example of the type of incorrect calculation which can be produced due to this problem, when a computer sorts dates by year, “00” could be identified as an earlier date than “99”. A financial spreadsheet or projection therefore might show the financial trend for the 1999-2000 period running backwards rather than forwards. Insurance company computers might report a policy running through the year 2001 as having instead expired in 1901. A bank computer calculat ....

.... wish to completely eliminate pornography from the Internet all together. All arguments for an uncensored Internet all cite the basic rights of free speech and press. While arguments in this paper are international, almost everyone of them cites the First Amendment of the United States. In many of the papers it is implied that the United States sets precedent for the rest of the world as far as laws governing the global world of the Internet. Paul F. Burton, an Information Science professor and researcher, gives many statistics showing that presence of pornography on the Internet is not necessarily a bad thing. He gives one example that shows that "47% of the 11,000" mo ....

.... store the date in the following format: dd/mm/yy. This only allows 2 digits for the year. January 1, 2000 would be stored as 01/01/00. But the computer will interpret this as January 1, 1900- not 2000" (de Jager 1). The '19' is "hard-coded" into computer hardware and software. Since there are only 2 physical spaces for the year in this date format, after '99', the only logical choice is to reset the number to '00'. The year 2000 problem is unlike any other problem in modern history for several reasons. William Adams points out some of the most important ones. "Time is running out- the Year 2000 is inevitable! The problem will occur simultaneously worldwide, time zones withsta ....

.... slander or solicit criminal acts in someone else's name; they can even masquerade as a trusted colleague to convince someone to reveal sensitive personal or business information. "It's like the Wild West", says Donn B. Parker of SRI: "No laws, rapid growth and enterprise - it's shoot first or be killed." To understand how the Internet, on which so many base their hopes for education, profit and international competitiveness, came to this pass, it can be instructive to look at the security record of other parts of the international communications infrastructure. The first, biggest error that designers seem to repeat is adoption of the "security through obscurity" strategy ....

.... the fast changing business environment of today, it is very difficult for businesses to keep their information systems as up to date as possible in order to achieve or maintain a competitive advantage. However, as this report will show, the move from a manual to a computerised accounting information system is a necessity if one is to be successful. The purpose of this report is to enable Mr Johnson, the Managing Director of Halycon Limited to make an informed decision about whether to move to a computerised accounting system. We shall discuss the changing business environment and it’s impact on accounting information systems; computerised accounting systems and th ....

.... ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads are strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to "programming" rules that the user must memorize, all ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first "digital calculating machine". It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascal's father who was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800's, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic c ....

.... to private household accounts. Research and development in the computer world moves simultaneously along two-paths hardware designs and software innovations work in each are alternately influences the other. Computers help people in many different ways, but many people prefer to use paper and pencil to write and to use folders and file cabinets to organize there papers. Many people in the world use computers to make their lives easier. Such advances will benefit us all. People use computers for research, organization, writing, communication for personal or business matters and even to look up stock updates. Whether it is personal or business, computers can help make our dail ....

.... its origins go back to 1962. In 1962 the original idea for this great network of computers sprung forth from a question "How could U.S. authorities successfully communicate after a nuclear war?" The answer came from the Rand Corporation, America's foremost Cold War think-tank. Why not create a network of computers without one central main authoritative unit (Sterling 1) The Rand Corporation working along side the U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) devised a plan. The network itself would be considered unreliable at all times; therefore it would never become too dependable and powerful. Each computer on the network or node would have its own authority to ....